GitHub_Actions_and_Pipelines

GitHub Actions and Pipelines

Advanced workflow patterns.

🔄 Reusable Workflows

Create Reusable Workflow

.github/workflows/reusable-test.yml:

name: Reusable Test

on:
  workflow_call:
    inputs:
      node-version:
        required: true
        type: string

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: ${{ inputs.node-version }}
      - run: npm test

Use Reusable Workflow

jobs:
  call-tests:
    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-test.yml
    with:
      node-version: "20"

Calls reusable workflow.

📦 Composite Actions

Create Composite Action

.github/actions/setup/action.yml:

name: "Setup Project"
description: "Setup Node and install deps"

runs:
  using: "composite"
  steps:
    - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
      with:
        node-version: "20"
    - shell: bash
      run: npm ci

Use Composite Action

steps:
  - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  - uses: ./.github/actions/setup
  - run: npm test

Uses local composite action.

🔀 Matrix Builds

Basic Matrix

strategy:
  matrix:
    node: [16, 18, 20]
    os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
steps:
  - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
    with:
      node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}

Runs on multiple versions and OS.

Include/Exclude

strategy:
  matrix:
    node: [16, 18, 20]
    os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
    exclude:
      - node: 16
        os: windows-latest
    include:
      - node: 20
        os: macos-latest

Customizes matrix combinations.

📊 Job Dependencies

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: npm run build

  test:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: npm test

  deploy:
    needs: [build, test]
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: npm run deploy

Deploy runs after build AND test.

📤 Artifacts

Upload Artifact

- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build-output
    path: dist/

Saves build output.

Download Artifact

- uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
  with:
    name: build-output

Gets artifact from earlier job.

🔐 Secrets in Actions

Use Secrets

env:
  API_KEY: ${{ secrets.API_KEY }}
run: |
  npm run deploy

Uses repository secret.

⏰ Conditional Execution

If Condition

steps:
  - name: Deploy to prod
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
    run: npm run deploy-prod

Only runs on main branch.

On Success/Failure

- name: Notify on failure
  if: failure()
  run: echo "Build failed!"

- name: Cleanup
  if: always()
  run: npm run cleanup

Runs based on status.

💡 Tips

- uses: actions/cache@v4
  with:
    path: node_modules
    key: modules-${{ hashFiles('package-lock.json') }}

concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

🔗 Related

• Basic Actions
• CI/CD

#github #actions #pipeline #advanced